Vol.17 No.1, 2021

Ottoman Empire Reopening the Spice Route in the 16th Century
Author HO Wen-chyi
Spices in Medieval Europe
Author HUANG Ju-hui
The English East India Company’s Establishment of Spice Plantations in Penang, 1786-1819: A Preliminary Enquiry
Author YANG Wei-an
Spices in Thirteenth-Century English Cooking as Seen in Recipes and Royal Records
Author LIU Hui
The Expansion of the Portuguese Empire and the Changes in European Spice Trade Routes after the 16th Century
Author YANG Hsiao-hua
Discovering American Ginseng: A Trans-Continental Legend from the 18th Century
Author HSIUNG Ping-chen
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